组合与优化哲学博士-代数组合

在代数组合中，我们可以使用代数方法来解决组合问题
Combinatorics is the study of discrete structures and their properties. Many modern scientific advances have employed combinatorial structures to model the physical world, and recent advances in computational technology have made such investigations feasible. In particular, since computers process discrete data, combinatorics has become indispensable to computer science. Optimization, or mathematical programming, is the study of maximizing and minimizing functions subject to specified boundary conditions or constraints. With the emergence of computers, optimization experienced a dramatic growth as a mathematical theory, enhancing both combinatorics and classical analysis. The functions to be optimized arise in engineering, the physical and management sciences, and in various branches of mathematics. The PhD involves about two years of grad courses followed by research and a dissertation, and typically lasts four years.<br><br>In algebraic combinatorics we might use algebraic methods to solve combinatorial problems, or use combinatorial methods and ideas to study algebraic objects. The unifying feature of the subject is any significant interaction between algebraic and combinatorial ideas. As a simple example, to solve an enumeration problem one often encodes combinatorial data into an algebra of formal power series by means of a generating function. Algebraic manipulations with these power series then provide a systematic way to solve the original counting problem. Methods from complex analysis can be used to obtain asymptotic solutions even when exact answers are intractable. As another example, group theory and linear algebra are used to understand the structure of graphs. Most graphs have no nontrivial symmetries (automorphisms) -- graphs with many symmetries are highly structured and have applications in design theory, coding theory, and geometry. For any graph, the eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix encode a great deal of structural and enumerative information about it.