Philosophy is sometimes described as the study of the true, the good, and the beautiful, but a more useful characterization might describe some of the standard areas of philosophy. Metaphysics studies what there is and the role of humans in the structure of things. Does God exist Are minds and thoughts real and basic, or are we merely bodies and brainstates Does everything have a cause, and if so do we have free will What is the nature of personal identity These are examples of metaphysical questions. Epistemology is the study of knowledge: what we can know and how we know it. Can we really know anything Is the world really the way it appears to us Do other minds exist, and are their experiences like mine How can we ever know the truth of a universal scientific law, based on our finite experience Ethics considers what is right and wrong, ideals of the good life, and what we owe ourselves and others. Do I have any reason to obey a moral code if it conflicts with my self-interest Why should I obey the law Are moral values objective, or are they simply matters of convention or agreement Logic studies arguments, inferences, and reasoning. What is a proof What is a good argument What is rationality Other areas include philosophy of art, philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of religion. Our department offers courses in all of these areas. We also teach courses in the History of Philosophy, which explore that the great thinkers of the past have said about these issues. In these courses, you will read the works of Plato, Aristotle, St. Augustine, Descartes, David Hume, Leibniz, Immanuel Kant, John Locke, John Stuart Mill, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre, and others.