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PhD Effects of Parasites on Food Web Structure and Dynamics - New Ways to Improve Accuracy and Ecological Realism (Super Doctoral Training Partnership)

爱丁堡龙比亚大学

Edinburgh Napier University

UK英国

  • 学历文凭

    学历文凭

    Ph.D.

  • 专业院系

    专业院系

    Applied Sciences

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国际学生入学条件

A first (at least a 2.1), or Master's degree (or equivalent) ideally in a relevant field such as parasitology, marine biology/ecology, fisheries biology, environmental biology.
IELTS (Academic) - 6.5 overall with no component less than 6.0
TOEFL Internet Based Test - 88 overall with a minimum of 19 in listening, 20 in reading, 22 in speaking and 19 in writing
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  • 雅思总分:6.5
  • 托福网考总分:88
  • 托福笔试总分:160
  • 其他语言考试:Pearson's Test of Academic English - 60 overall with a minimum of 55 in each component

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课程简介

Food webs are central to fundamental aspects of ecology, including complexity, diversity, stability and functioning1 and powerful tools for the management of complex ecosystems2 and fisheries3. Even though parasitism is the most common consumer strategy in the animal kingdom and parasites can be involved in 50% of interactions in trophic networks4, they have been ignored in food webs until recently. This is partially due to difficulties involved in studying parasites. It also reflects the common, but often mistaken, assumption that parasites contribute little to the energy flow in an ecosystem5. Parasites can augment and redirect the flow of energy in an ecosystem through the modification of their hosts' behaviour, leaving them more vulnerable to predation, and therefore increasing the energy flow between prey and predator. In fact, productivity is high in parasites since they circumvent metabolically expensive activities such as movement and homeostasis and parasite biomass can even exceed that of top predators in some ecosystems6. Food webs are commonly used to study the resilience of an ecosystem to species loss and other perturbations. Parasite inclusion amplifies complexity and initially increases food web robustness, due to apparently functional redundancy in parasites. However, the life cycles of most parasites include multiple life stages that undergo diet and niche changes that are not accounted for. There is a need for more accurate methods of parasite inclusion to improve ecological realism in food web ecology.
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    世界排名601

    数据源:泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名

关于爱丁堡龙比亚大学

龙比亚大学是以16世纪著名的数学家、对数创立者约翰·龙比亚的名字命名的,它诞生于1964年,于1992年获得大学的资格。在短短30年间,它就从一所一流的理工专科学校发展成为苏格兰地区一所重点大学,它在英国新兴大学中也名列前茅。目前爱丁堡龙比亚大学有18000名来自100个国家的学生,下设6个学院。龙比亚大学在商业、工程、新闻与出版、摄影与电影、生物和保健科学、计算机和信息技术方面具有特别雄厚的实力。最热门的专业为商业、大众传播、创作艺术、护理和助产学。新近设立的体育科学和动物生物学专业打破了学科之间的传统界限。龙比亚大学有多个校园。三个主校园位于爱丁堡地区,它们分别为:莫奇斯顿(Merchiston)、克雷格洛克哈特(Craiglockhart)和塞特希尔(Sighthill)。2009年经Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA)统计,龙比亚大学就业率在苏格兰地区排名第一。

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