The Department of History offers the Master of Arts (M.A.) and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degrees. In our small, selective graduate program--enrolling five to eight students a year--faculty members devote considerable time to each student. The department prides itself on the high quality of its instruction and mentoring and on the intellectual growth and success of its graduate students.<br><br>The program builds upon the broad strengths of our faculty in nineteenth-century and twentieth-century U.S. history as well as in early modern and modern European history. Faculty also bring methodological and thematic expertise in political and legal history, social and cultural history, race, religion, and reform, gender and public life, international relations, and the history of the American West. Please visit our individual faculty pages to explore the research and graduate-advising interests of our diverse faculty. Note also that history graduate students have worked closely with faculty in several of UM's interdisciplinary programs, including African-American Studies, Environmental Studies, Native American Studies, Russian Studies, and Women's, Gender, and Sexuality Studies. A unique opportunity for UM's history graduate students is to complete a Graduate Certificate in Women's Gender, and Sexuality Studies.